Dicloxacillin ®
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Reviewed on Dec 23, 2025. by Dr Alexandra Cristina Cowell Writer & Clinical Content Reviewer Next review due on December 23, 2028.
Dr Alexandra Cristina Cowell

Last updated on Dec 23, 2025.

Capsule for severe or persistent nail infections.

Dicloxacillin is an antibiotic capsule that kills off the bacteria that can cause paronychia infections. It’s usually prescribed when your infection is severe, or if topical treatments like Mupirocin haven’t been effective.

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Dicloxacillin Dicloxacillin

What is Dicloxacillin?

Dicloxacillin is an antibiotic capsule that can be used to treat paronychia, an infection of the tissue around the base and sides of your nails. It kills off the bacteria causing the infection and stops it from spreading, which should help clear up paronychia.

How does Dicloxacillin work?

Dicloxacillin stops substances called peptidoglycans from binding together, a key process that gives stability to the bacterium’s cell wall. This disrupts the cell wall of the bacteria that can cause paronychia, killing it off and treating the infection.1

How do Dicloxacillin doses work?

Dicloxacillin comes in two doses for paronychia: 250 mg and 500 mg capsules. You’ll normally take 1000 mg a day for paronychia, split into either four 250 mg doses each day, or two 500 mg doses each day.2

What is the active ingredient in Dicloxacillin?

Dicloxacillin is a generic medicine that’s named after its active ingredient, dicloxacillin. It’s a type of penicillin antibiotic that interferes with the bacteria’s cell wall to kill it off and clear up infections.

Treated trusted source:

  1. Pandey, N. Cascella, M. (2023). Beta-Lactam Antibiotics. StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing.
  2. Dulski, A. Edwards, C.W. (2023). Paronychia. StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing.
Dr Alexandra Cristina Cowell 23938
This page was medically reviewed by Dr Alexandra Cristina Cowell on December 23, 2025. Next review due on December 23, 2028.

How we source info.

When we present you with stats, data, opinion or a consensus, we’ll tell you where this came from. And we’ll only present data as clinically reliable if it’s come from a reputable source, such as a state or government-funded health body, a peer-reviewed medical journal, or a recognised analytics or data body. Read more in our editorial policy.

Dicloxacillin Dicloxacillin

How to take Dicloxacillin

You should always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions when taking dicloxacillin. But usually, for paronychia, you’ll take a 250 mg tablet every six hours, or a 500 mg capsule every 12 hours.

Dicloxicillin is best absorbed into your body if you take it on an empty stomach. Try to take your capsule at least one hour before a meal, or two hours after eating.

Dr Alexandra Cristina Cowell 23938
This page was medically reviewed by Dr Alexandra Cristina Cowell on December 23, 2025. Next review due on December 23, 2028.

How we source info.

When we present you with stats, data, opinion or a consensus, we’ll tell you where this came from. And we’ll only present data as clinically reliable if it’s come from a reputable source, such as a state or government-funded health body, a peer-reviewed medical journal, or a recognised analytics or data body. Read more in our editorial policy.

Dicloxacillin Dicloxacillin

Dicloxacillin isn’t suitable for everyone, and there are some things that you need to be aware of when taking it.

Here’s all the official info on it. If anything is unclear, let our clinician know, and they can talk with you about it.

Dicloxacillin Dicloxacillin

Dicloxacillin: FAQ

Have something specific you want to know? Search our info below, or ask our experts a question if you can’t find what you’re looking for.

What should I do if I make a mistake when taking Dicloxacillin?

Answer:
If you forget to take a dose of Dicloxacillin you can take it as soon as you remember, as long as it isn’t almost time for your next dose. If this is the case, skip the capsule you missed, and carry on as normal from your upcoming dose. Never double up your dose to make up for missing a capsule.

If you accidentally take more Dicloxacillin than you should get medical attention right away. You might experience nausea, irritation, a rash, chills, or a fever.

How effective is Dicloxacillin?

Answer:
Dicloxacillin is usually the first-line treatment for severe paronychia infections, and has proven to be an effective treatment. In most cases, a seven to ten day course of dicloxacillin is enough to kill off bacteria and clear up the infection.

Are there any alternatives to Dicloxacillin?

Answer:
Yes, you have a few different options if you’re looking for paronychia treatment. Steroid creams like hydrocortisone can be used to help with swelling and inflammation caused by the infection.

If your paronychia is caused by a fungal infection, topical antifungals like Ketoconazole or Clotrimazole cream are usually the first-line treatment.

If you have a mild bacterial infection, topical antibiotics like Mupirocin could be a good option.

But if the bacterial infection is more persistent or severe, there are other oral antibiotics available, too. Cephalexin and Clindamycin might be suitable options if you can’t take Dicloxacillin, or if it hasn’t been effective for you.

Do I need a prescription for Dicloxacillin?

Answer:
Yes. Dicloxacillin is an antibiotic, and taking antibiotics when they aren’t necessary can contribute to antibiotic resistance. This means they might not be as effective when we need to use them. So a healthcare professional will need to check to make sure that dicloxacillin is the right treatment for you before you use it.

How long does it take Dicloxacillin to work?

Answer:
Dicloxacillin should work to clear up your infection in a matter of days. You’ll typically take a seven-to-10 day course to treat paronychia, and it usually clears up within five to ten days.[1] But it's important to finish your course of antibiotics even if your infection seems to have cleared up, to reduce the risk of it becoming reinfected.

Does Dicloxacillin have any side effects?

Answer:
Like any medicine you take, Dicloxacillin comes with some risk of side effects. If you experience any of the following, stop taking right away and get medical attention – they could be signs of a serious allergic reaction:

  • Hives, a rash, or irritated, itchy skin

  • Swelling of the lips, eyes, mouth, or throat

  • Sudden wheezing or difficulty breathing

  • Dizziness or fainting

  • Fever

  • Muscle aches, joint pain, or weakness

  • Abdominal pain


The most common side effects of dicloxacillin are:

  • Nausea

  • Vomiting

  • Diarrhea

  • Headaches


This isn’t a list of all of Dicloxacillin’s possible side effects. If you have any questions or concerns, take a look at the package information leaflet provided with your medicine.

Can I get Dicloxacillin through private health insurance?

Answer:
If a doctor has prescribed Dicloxacillin for paronychia, you’ll usually be able to get it through your health insurance. But it’s always best to check your specific insurer’s formulary to see whether it’s covered, and whether they’ll cover all of the costs, or just part of them. They may only provide coverage if you obtain it from a specific healthcare provider, too.

If you can’t get Dicloxacillin through your health insurance, you should still be able to get it from an online pharmacy service – just as long as it’s a safe and effective treatment for you.

Treated trusted source:

  1. LeWine, H.E. (2023). Paronychia. Harvard Health Publishing. 21 Nov.

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